Your Guide to Clean Energy

Solar cells are the heart of a solar panel. They are made of semiconductor materials, usually silicon, that convert sunlight into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight strikes the solar cells, it excites the electrons within the material, creating an electric current.

Solar cells are typically encapsulated between a top layer of tempered glass and a bottom layer of a protective material, such as polymer or ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA). The encapsulation protects the solar cells from external elements like moisture and physical damage.

The backsheet is a layer on the backside of the solar panel that provides additional protection against moisture and acts as an electrical insulator. It is typically made of a polymer material that is resistant to UV radiation and adverse weather conditions.

The frame provides structural support and rigidity to the solar panel. It is usually made of aluminum or steel and helps protect the solar cells from mechanical stress and impacts.

The junction box is located on the backside of the solar panel and houses electrical connections. It allows for the safe and secure wiring of multiple solar panels in a solar array, as well as facilitates the connection to an inverter or other electrical components.

 Solar panels have wiring and connectors that allow for the transfer of the generated electricity. These wires are typically made of copper or aluminum and are designed to handle the electrical current produced by the solar cells.